Beware of spontaneous combustion factors

By Gary Sliworsky
OMAFRA Rep.

Lives have been lost and hay crops destroyed because of fires caused by spontaneous combustion. This year has been particularly bad for hay heating due to the hot humid weather. If the hay crop is put into the mow above 20-25% moisture content, spontaneous combustion may occur.
A hay crop that is placed too wet into a mow will rapidly heat. If the mow is so large that heat loss is restricted, the internal temperature will rise. As the temperature rises above 130° F (55°), a chemical reaction occurs and may sustain itself. This reaction does not require oxygen, but the flammable gases produced are at a temperature above their ignition point. These gases will ignite when they come in contact with oxygen.
Check your hay regularly. If you detect a slight caramel odor or a distinct musty smell, chances are your hay is heating.
What do you do? First of all, make yourself a simple probe that can be inserted into the hay mass to check the temperature. A probe can be made from a 10 foot piece of electrical tubing. Rivet a hardwood pointed dowel to one end and drill six 1⁄2 diameter holes in the tube just above the dowel. Drive the probe into the hay mass and lower a candy thermometer on a long string into the probe. The thermometer should be left for 10 minutes to ensure an accurate reading.
Watch for the following temperatures:
150°F (65°C) ** ENTERING THE DANGER ZONE, Check temperature daily.
160°F (71°C) ** DANGER, Measure temperature every four hours and inspect mow.
175°F (80°C) ** CALL THE FIRE DEPARTMENT, Wet hay down and remove from barn.
185°F (85°)** HOT SPOTS AND POCKETS MAY BE DEVELOPING, Flames will likely develop when heating hay comes in contact with oxygen.
212°F (100°C) ** CRITICAL, Temperature rise is rapid above this point. Hay will almost certainly ignite.
Before entering the mow, place long planks on top of the hay. Do not attempt to walk on the hay mass itself. Pockets may have already burned out under the hay surface. Always tie a rope around your waist and have a second person on the other end in a safe location to pull you out should the surface of the hay collapse into a fire pocket.
Spontaneous combustion is not an accident. By following good storage practiced, not only will spontaneous combustion be avoided, but a higher quality of hay will be obtained.
Dates to Remember
·Aug. 20 -22 - Large animal clinic dates for Dr. Blair Simonson. Call 274-7393 to book an appointment.